An analytical and numerical study of a vertically discretized multi-paddle wavemaker for generating free surface and internal waves

A vertically discretized multi-paddle wavemaker is proposed that generates various wave types without the depth-invariant flow condition limitation associated with conventional piston type wavemakers. first-order mathematical formulation for paddle stroke derived and used to selectively generate free surface waves similar either or flap wavemakers, depending on number of utilized paddles. The further extended a multi-phase internal case. Paddle discretization performance evaluated using OpenFOAM, numerical model solves Navier-Stokes equations two (or more) immiscible incompressible fluids. Dynamic meshing capability incorporated in model. Model results show multiple discrete paddles efficiently deep water under laminar conditions. In intermediate conditions, less advantageous. Internal resulting among air, oil, phases are simulated only imposing fast mode. agree characteristics both locked waves.